Multiple Functions of the P75 Neurotrophin Receptor in the Nervous System

Article history: Received: 15 June 2011 Accepted: 25 Aug 2011 Available online: 29 Dec 2011 Background: The P75 neurotrophin receptor (p75) is a transmembrane protein that binds the nerve growth factor (NGF) and implements multiple functions in the nervous system. It is expressed widely during the development of the nervous system although its expression is dramatically decreased at adulthood. Though the P75 neurotrophin receptor has been identified more than 35 years ago, our knowledge about its structure and function has barely increased. Materials and Methods: In this review various methods are used to search databases and reliable scientific resources have been reviewed to give an up-to-date panoramic picture of the protein expression, structure, function, and its interaction with other known molecules. Results: P75 not only in neurons but also in various types of glial cells is expressed. In addition to NGF, this receptor can also bind the tropomyosin kinase receptors. Some pathological conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases and nerve damages are followed by the considerable increased expression of p75. Conclusion: In this study, the role of p75 in the nervous system of human beings has been investigated and it has been illustrated that how spinal cord repair can improve by blocking of p75. It seems that in addition to p75, someother homologues are also involved in this pathway. Further studies are required to elucidate more details about the role of p75 in the development and function of the nervous system. Copyright © 2012 Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.